The grounding system of telecom relay should adopt multi-level grounding methods, including equipment grounding, system grounding, building grounding, etc., to ensure that lightning current can be quickly and safely discharged into the earth. At the same time, the grounding resistance should be as small as possible to reduce the grounding potential difference and improve the reliability of the grounding system.
Some specially designed telecom relay have built-in lightning protection modules, which can respond quickly when lightning strikes and limit overvoltages to a safe range. These relays usually have a high withstand voltage level and lightning protection level, and can resist transient overvoltages and overcurrents generated by lightning.
A surge protector is a device specifically used to protect electronic equipment from lightning and overvoltage damage. It is usually installed at the front end of the relay. When lightning or overvoltage comes, the surge protector can act quickly to limit overvoltages to a safe range, thereby protecting the relay from damage.
Shielding is one of the effective means to reduce electromagnetic interference. The relay and its circuit system are fully shielded, including the relay housing, circuit board, connecting wires and other parts. Shielding materials should be made of metal or alloy materials with good conductivity, such as copper, aluminum, steel, etc. At the same time, the shielding body should be well grounded to ensure the shielding effect.
Install filters on the input and output lines of the relay to filter out high-frequency interference signals. The filter should have appropriate frequency response characteristics and can effectively suppress the propagation of interference signals. In addition, components such as decoupling capacitors can be added to the circuit design to reduce electromagnetic interference inside the circuit.
In circuit design and layout, the principle of "minimizing the coupling between interference sources and sensitive devices" should be followed. Separate the susceptible circuits from the interference sources to avoid interference signals from invading the control system through the distributed capacitance and insulation resistance between the lines. At the same time, optimize the wiring method to reduce the crossover and interference between the lines. For example, differential signal transmission, shielded wire and other wiring methods are used to improve the anti-interference ability of the circuit.
In addition to hardware-level protection measures, the anti-interference ability of the relay can also be improved through software-level design. For example, digital filtering algorithms are used to process input signals to reduce noise interference; redundant design is used to improve the reliability of the system; fault detection and diagnosis technology is used to promptly detect and handle abnormal situations, etc.